Outline Of A Speech On Schizophrenia - 1177 Words

Nahian Chowdhury Mrs. Jorgensen Speech Communication 3B 27 April 2015 Schizophrenia Specific Purpose:To inform my audience about Schizophrenia. Central Idea: Schizophrenia, a severe mental disorder, has two different sets of symptoms, and is treated in two major ways. INTRODUCTION I. (Attention Getter) The world has a population of about 7 billion people. That means that one percent is roughly 70 million people, enough to almost match the population of California twice. Now imagine that many seeing, hearing, and believing things that are not physically there . II. (Reveal Topic) What you are imagining is schizophrenia, my topic for today. III. (Credibility Statement) I became interested in schizophrenia when watching The Lord of the Rings with a few friends, when one quipped up, â€Å"Ya know, Gollum has schizophrenia. The ring caused it† and another argued,â€Å"He just has a split personality.† This forced me to find out who was right, so I did some research and was able to find a few resources that taught me a lot about schizophrenia. IV. (Preview) Schizophrenia, a severe mental disorder, has two different sets of symptoms, and is treated in two major ways. BODY I. (MAIN POINT 1) There are two categories of symptoms of Schizophrenia, positive and negative. A. (SUBPOINT) The positive symptoms are the ones that are easy to identify in a patient. These are the symptoms that we would associate with someone who is crazy. They are usually exaggerated or confusedShow MoreRelatedThe Myth of the Nervous Breakdown Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesSeveral of the symptoms David experiences resemble, in my opinion, schizophrenia. His garbled speech, his childlike actions, like jumping on the trampoline in his underwear. He is only able to find peace in the water, which he continually forgets to turn off. Here I will outline some of the symptoms experienced by schizophrenias, most of which I saw being demonstrated by David Helfgott in the movie. The definition of schizophrenia as found in Abnormal Psychology is the label given to a group ofRead MoreThe, Sleep Paralysis, Or Dreaming1613 Words   |  7 PagesImagine sitting in your bedroom and seeing someone that is not really in your room. This may sound crazy, but this could be just a normal day for a general schizophrenic. Before I started researching schizophrenia, I knew some details about the mental disorder. For example, I knew that it involved hallucinations and that it was a psychotic disorder. However, in addition to facts, I also was under many assumptions about the disease that were in fact myths. For instance, I thought that most schizophrenicsRead MoreHow The Patient With Schizophrenia Essay946 Words   |  4 PagesHow to Treat the Patient with Schizophrenia The National Institute of Mental Health finds that approximately 1.2% of the United States population suffer from schizophrenia. What exactly is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is defined as a complex disorder with an extremely varied presentation of symptoms that affects cognitive, emotional, and behavioral areas of functioning (Kneisl, 2013). It is considered a psychotic disorder and often includes psychotic experiences, such as hearing voices or delusionsRead MoreEssay on Understanding Schizophrenia1698 Words   |  7 Pageseverybody seemed so distant from me. This excerpt describes part of Esse Leete 20-year battle with schizophrenia. She committed herself to leading the fullest life her disease will allow and to educating others about mental illness. Schizophrenia is a very serious disease, but through defining schizophrenia and getting the patient help and treatment a schizophrenic can lead a full life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schizophrenia is defined as any of a group of psychotic reactions characterized by withdrawal from realityRead MoreThe Issue Of Child Onset Schizophrenia Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pages SOWK 506- Fall 2015 Assignment #3: Child Onset Schizophrenia Becki Kennedy and Mary Marrone USC School of Social Work December 11, 2015 Martha Lyon-Levine Introduction This research paper focuses on the issue of child onset schizophrenia, specifically looking at the prognosis, symptoms, stigma, and most effective treatment options for children. This topic has become a significant social issue as a result of the recent mass school shootings throughout the nationRead MoreA Beautiful Mind Is Based On The Life Of The Prize Winner John Nash1192 Words   |  5 Pageshis life, starting when he was a college student at the University of Princeton, to professor and finally as a schizophrenic recovering patient. One of the many remarkable aspects in the life of Dr. Nash is his recovery from Schizophrenia. The psychological disorder schizophrenia is one of the many psychological disorders that people suffer, this disorder includes several different types of symptoms, and it is characterized by disorganized thought, perception and behavior. There are several treatmentsRead MoreWith New Discoveries That Are Made Every Day, The Science1134 Words   |   5 Pagesdisorder, 2017). On the other hand, it is a close relative to Schizophrenia in that patients with PTSD experience similar behaviors. However, the differences that distinguished STPD from Schizophrenia is that these patients do not hallucinate and are NOT disconnected from reality. The core symptoms of STPD that were stated by Harvard Medical School are: unusual personal meaning to external events, unusual thinking/beliefs/behavior, odd speech, paranoid ideas, bland emotional responses, lack of closeRead MorePersonal Experience: My Psychotic Disorder Essay796 Words   |  4 PagesFirst, lets focus on the psychotic disorder of schizophrenia. One of the major symptoms of schizophrenia is â€Å"negative symptoms†. Within that category for the last two weeks (and if truth be told a lot longer than that), is emotional flatness. I do not get overly excited nor do I get overly stressed about any situation that the response should be within the realm of anxious, fearful, sad, etc. For example, in the last two weeks I have had two times in which I was asked to speak in front of a groupRead More Schizophrenia, A splitting of the mind Essay3069 Words   |  13 Pages Schizophrenia, A splitting of the mind Dementia Praecox, the early term for schizophrenia was presented by Emil Kraepelin in 1898. Dementia Praecox included – dementia paranoids, catatonia and hebephrenia. Whilst these different entities are symptomatically very diverse, Kraepelin believed they shared a common core. Kraepelin noted several major symptoms in his patients, these included hallucinations, delusions, negativism, attentional difficulties, stereotyped behaviour and emotional dysfunctionRead MoreSummary : They Are Not Alone 1772 Words   |  8 Pagestaken from the book Surviving Schizophrenia: A Manual for Families, Patients, and Providers written by E. Fuller Torrey. The words of this quote are meaningful because the author does a good job of explaining just how mysterious Schizophrenia is. This mental illness can turn a normal person into a madman due to the loss of control of their own mind. The scary thing is, researchers are not sure exactly what causes it. Only about 1% of the population suffers fr om schizophrenia, yet more people are institutionalized

The Quiet Revolution - 781 Words

The Quiet Revolution The purpose of this paper is to analyze the aspects of The Quiet Revolution on Quebec, and how the changes implemented by Lesage made Quebec the province it is today. The Quiet Revolution was only quiet at name; it triggered many conflicts that appeared in Quebec. The province began to move away from Catholic Church with the help of nationalists, leaving Quebec reformed and quite different from how it was before the 1960’s. Before the Quiet Revolution, Quebec was majorly formed of rural population. They believed that rural was much better than urban, but due to large families and the lack of good land, it pushed most Quebeckers to move to the cities. By 1921, half of Quebec’s population was urbanized. Manufacture†¦show more content†¦One of the major accomplishments by the government in the economic sector was the nationalization of private electricity companies, an idea that was introduced by Rene Levesque, a minister of natural resources. The government of Jean Lesage encouraged industrialization, promoting investments and guaranteeing economic benefits through the buy-Quebec policy, all these objectives were met when Hydro-Quebec became the symbol of success and economic resources. The creation of â€Å"caisse de depot et placement du Quebec† triggered the creation of the Quebec pension plan, which immediately grew to billion dollars. Quebec’s favorite slogan that had huge improvements was the â€Å"maà ®tres chez nous† (masters in our own house) which promoted and influenced federal-provincial relations. The demands that were imposed by Lesage were largely met. â€Å"Lesage forced the federal government to accept Quà ©bec s withdrawal from several cost-sharing programs and to compensate Quà ©bec fiscally (The Canadian Encyclopedia, 2012)†. Therefore Quebec was the only province that had the right to withdraw. Thus, the conflicts then rose between the English Canadians and the French Canadian. â€Å"The federal Pearson Liberal government established the Royal Commission on bilingualism and biculturalism, which warned that Canada was passing through the greatest crisis in its history (The Quiet Revolution Changed Quebec Forver). Pearson liberalShow MoreRelatedThe Quiet Revolution: Jean Lesage653 Words   |  3 Pageswhich allowed workers to speak French entirely, guaranteed the Quebec economy benefits, and adjusted wages. Finally, the Quiet Revolution allowed the rest of Canada to hear the nationalist views of Quebecers after the FLQ terrorist group terrorized several mailboxes, kidnapped James Cross and killed Pierre Laporte. Jean Lesage was known to be the â€Å"father of the Quiet Revolution† by many for the multiple changes he was able to bring in the 1960s. The first change he brought to Quebec was subsidingRead MoreThe Quiet Revolution and its Negative Impact on Quebec1598 Words   |  7 Pageswell-known example of this in Quebec was during the Quiet Revolution which strengthened the need for change through Premier Lesage’s reforms and in turn, developed a strong sense of nationalism in Quebec. In contrast to beliefs that the rapid modernization of the Quiet Revolution had a positive impact on Quebec, it rather had a negative impact on Quebec and its citizens and identity. The three consequences which arose in Quebec as a result of the revolution are the encouragement of separatism, the eliminationRead MoreThe Religious Situation During The Post Quiet Revolution916 Words   |  4 PagesThe religious situation in the post-Quiet Revolution (Rà ©volution tranquille) Quà ©bec has evolve d into a complex social debate where some adherents consider religion a necessity for our public institutions, whereas some detractors threat it as a taboo subject that one should keep part of his/her private life. The overcoming of the Duplessis’ Great Darkness (Grande Noirceur) reign was echoed by major political and social changes where the clerical-dominated State was questioned and ultimately democraticallyRead MoreUnit 4- Origins Of The Quiet Revolution And The Baby Boom1053 Words   |  5 PagesUnits 4-5 Reading Summary - Canadian History Unit 4- Origins of the Quiet Revolution and the Baby Boom The origins of the Quiet Revolution are said to have started on March 13th, 1955 when Montreal Canadiens fans attacked Clarence Campbell during a game against the Detroit Red Wings. It is believed that this started the revolution as it was the start of French Canadians protesting against the Catholic Church after hundreds of years of control. After being defeated in 1673, many French CanadianRead MoreCanad The Great Canadian Flag Debate1421 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant decade for Canada. The historical occurrences that happened in the Sixties in Canada that were the most significant to Canada in terms of bringing changes to Canada were the occurrences known as the Great Canadian Flag Debate, the Quiet Revolution and the occurrence known as Trudeaumania; these important occurrences are still significant to Canada as they continue to bring change to Canada through the things in which they caused. The changes brought on by the historical occurrences statedRead MoreThe Impact Of Mau rice Richard As A French Canadian1279 Words   |  6 Pagesoverview of Maurice Richard’s humble beginnings and his French-Canadian identity. This essay will then emphasize Maurice Richard’s impact on French Canadians as the central figure in the 1955 Richard Riot, and as a potential influencer of the Quiet Revolution in Quebec in the 1950s and 1960s. Additionally, this paper will analyze Richard’s suspension and the subsequent riot as exemplifying English-French relations, especially in the National Hockey League. Overall, this essay will show that MauriceRead MoreThe President Of The United States945 Words   |  4 Pagesfor not staying to welcoming the incoming President of the United States, this quiet event in the stillness of the morning was one of the most profound events in political history and an example of the uniqueness of the American system of government. The peaceful transfer of power. Jaffa (CP 72) explains that the decision to rule based on a free election by a whole people was a foreign idea before the American Revolution. He knows of no example before the election in 1800 where the party in chargeRead MoreEssay on Womens Suffrage Movement in The Bahamas659 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Ilsha Mcphee History Coursework Question 1(A) What role did the Women’s Suffrage Movement Play during the â€Å"Quiet Revolution† in the Bahamas? Notable women such as Dame Doris Johnson, Mary Ingraham, Eugenia Lockhart, Mabel Walker and Georgianna Symonette has made countless triumphs toward the equal rights of all women in the Bahamas. In particular all of these women mentioned before were major persons in the Women’s Suffrage Movement in the Bahamas. This movement’s main purpose wasRead MoreStudent Protest Against Raising University Tuition Fees1376 Words   |  6 Pagesup until the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s. In that system, student associations were sporting and cultural events. In the mid-1950s two student associations, the Student National Press (PEN), and the Catholic French-Canadian Youth Association got together to start this culture of protests. They led a 24 hour strike against the Quebec premier as a result of his refusal of transfer payments towards higher education in Quebec. This increase in protest culture led to the Quiet Revolution during theRead MoreThe Quebec Separatist Movement Of Canada1093 Words   |  5 PagesCanada. The Quebec Separatist Movement began due to Quebec’s citizens ambition to become independent and was finally resolved by making a new constitution. The historical context of the Quebec Separatist movement included The Quiet Revolution. The Quiet Revolution was when small groups try to make Quebec independent especially FLQ. The small groups members were Francophones, French-speaking citizens. Their ideals was to make Quebec independent from CanadaÅ› government. First, Canada made a bill

What I Have Learned in Introduction to Psychology Free Essays

In Introduction to Psychology we touched briefly on a lot of the components of psychology. It is an introduction class, so it does not go deeply into any one category, instead just skims most of them. I learned what qualifies psychology as a science, the brain and how it is important in the science of psychology. We will write a custom essay sample on What I Have Learned in Introduction to Psychology or any similar topic only for you Order Now I learned about sensation and perception and then did a project on how psychoactive drugs alter them. We talked in depth about learning, classical conditioning specifically, and covered operant conditioning quite thoroughly as well. Freud was discussed quite often, since he is seen as the founder of psychology. The psychodynamic theories on development, personality, and psychological disorders as well as other theories are some of the subjects I will be going into depth in this paper. What is Psychology? The textbook describes psychology as â€Å"the scientific study of behavior and mental processes (Ciccarelli White, p. 4, 2009)†. In class, the definition of psychology we used is â€Å"the scientific study of behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism’s physical state, mental state, and external state (K.  Hoecker, class lecture, 2010)†. The four goals of psychology are to describe, understand, predict, and modify why behavior is happening (Ciccarelli White, p. 5, 2009). Psychology is a social science, focused on the individual, which is related to sociology, anthropology, political science, and economics (K. Hoecker, class lecture, 2010). What Are the Models of Psychiatry? There are seven models of psychiatry mentioned in the textbook: psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, sociocultural, biopsychological, and evolutionary (Ciccarelli White, p. 13-16, 2009). In class we also discussed the feminist perspective (K. Hoecker, class lecture, 2009). The original psychoanalytical theory was based on Freud and he believed that sex and sexual motivations were behind a person’s behavior. Modern psychodynamic theory focuses on childhood experiences and unconscious thoughts in relationship to a person’s behavior (Ciccarelli White, p. 13, 2009). The behavioral perspective is the idea that people’s actions and behaviors are based on what they have learned. Watson and Skinner were both important people in the behaviorist field (Ciccarelli White, p. 14, 2009). Humanistic approach to psychology is a newer approach than the other two and the most famous founders of the approach are Carl Rogers, and Abraham Maslow. The humanistic approach emphasizes free will and human potential to change. Gestalt started the cognitive perspective on psychology with his studies of thought. â€Å"Cognitive perspective with its focus on memory, intelligence, perception, thought processes, problem solving, language and learning has become a major force in psychology (Ciccarelli White, p. 15, 2009)†. Sociocultural psychology tries to explain the context of behavior and how it is influenced by society (Ciccarelli White, p. 5, 2009). The idea that behavior is caused by genetics, hormones, and body chemistry is biopsychiatry. Biopsychiatry is becoming an extremely important field, because of the possibility now to find mental illnesses with brain scans. (Ciccarelli White, p. 16, 2009). Darwin is the most famous evolutionary psychiatrist. Evolutionary psychiatry is the study of the evolutionary basis of human behavior (Ciccarelli White, p. 16, 2009). The last psychiatric theory is not mentioned in the text book but it is the feminist theory. The feminist theory explores gender roles, and gender bias (K.  Hoecker, class lecture, 2010). It is important to know about the different perspectives on psychiatry because they have different beliefs and treatment models. If a person is planning on going into the psychiatric field they would need to know the different types of psychiatry and which one meets their personality and belief system. What Does the Brain Have to do With Psychiatry? The brain is where thought processes happen and has always held mystery. Scientists are discovering new things all the time. We now know that 10% of the brain is made up of neurons, and the remaining 90% is made up of glial cells. Glial cells hold things in place, insulate the paths for electrical currents, provide the neurons with nutrients and clean up the dead neurons (K. Hoecker, class lecture, 2010). Neurons are made up of different parts. The soma is the body of the cell; dendrites branch off the soma and receive messages. Axons are tubes that transmit messages to other cells; the axon is covered by myelin to help insulate the axon and speed up the messages. The synaptic knobs, also known as the axon terminals, store the neurotransmitters that carry the messages (Ciccarelli White, p. 49, 50, 2009). The left side of the brain deals with the right half of the body, language, math, logic, analysis and reading. The right hemisphere of the brain handles the left half of the body, nonverbal communication, visual-spatial perception, music, art, emotions, recognition, process, pattern, and facial recognition (Ciccarelli White, p. 78, 2009). The cerebellum is located in the back lower part of the brain. It controls balance, muscle coordination, learned reflexes, and habits (Ciccarelli White, p. 69, 2009). The Cerebral cortex is the outer covering of the brain. It controls complex thoughts (Ciccarelli White, p. 68, 2009). There are four lobes to the cerebral cortex. The frontal lobe is located in the front of the brain and controls planning, personality, memory, decision making, and language. The parietal lobes are in the top and back of the brain. The parietal lobes process information from the skin and help to recognize where your body is in relation to things. The occipital lobe is in the rear of the brain and identifies information from the eyes (Ciccarelli White, p. 73, 2009). In the text, neurologist, Oliver Sachs’ patient that had a tumor in his occipital lobe could see things and describe them, but could not identify them. Sacks once gave him a rose to look at. The man turned it around and around and began to describe it as a â€Å"red inflorescence† of some type with a green tubular projection. Only when he held it under his nose (stimulating the sense of smell) did he recognize it as a rose† (Sachs, 1990 as cited in Ciccarelli White, p. 73, 2009). The temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex are located behind the temples. They contain the auditory and auditory association areas (Ciccarelli White, p. 74, 2009). Sensation and Perception Sensation is the activation of receptors in sense organs; i. . eyes, ears, skin, nose, taste buds (K. Hoecker, class lecture, 2010). Perception is the way in which the brain interprets the information and forms it into logical functions (Ciccarelli White, p. 116, 2009). The process of changing sensation to perception is called transduction (Ciccarelli White, p. 92, 2009). I found habituation and sensory adaptation to be interesting. Habituation is the ability to tune information out from the ears. You still are hearing the noise, just not paying attention to it (Ciccarelli White, p. 94, 2009). Sensory adaptation is blocking out the smell, sight, touch or taste after no changing stimuli. Sensory adaptation is different than habituation because the senses themselves become familiar with the stimuli and no longer send signals to the brain instead of the brain not paying attention to the signals (Ciccarelli White, p. 94, 2009). Psychoactive Drugs Psychoactive drugs produce altered states of consciousness. They alter sensation, perception and memory. There are four types of psychoactive drugs; stimulants, depressants, narcotics, and hallucinogens (Ciccarelli White, p. 158, 2009). Stimulants the sympathetic and or the central nervous system to increase in their levels of functioning (Ciccarelli White, p. 158, 2009). Depressants slow the central nervous system down; the most known and used depressant is alcohol. Narcotics are all opium based and suppress the sensation of pain. They bind to endorphins and cause the body to release more (Ciccarelli White, p. 164, 2009). Hallucinogens cause the brain to change the way it reads information, they can cause the brain to read sights as smells, â€Å"colors have sound, and sounds have smells, and so on (Ciccarelli White, p. 65, 2009)†. Classical Conditioning The brain is needed in order to learn, act, and live. Classical conditioning is a type of learning that was started by a Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov identified elements that had to be experienced repeatedly and in an order for classical conditioning to happen (Ciccarelli White, p. 179, 2009). The naturally occurring stimulus is called the u nconditional stimulus. The unlearned response to the unconditioned stimulus is the unconditioned response. A stimulus that has no effect on the unconditioned response is called the neutral stimulus. The neutral stimulus is eventually turned into the conditioned stimulus if it is presented often and on a strict pattern. Once the unconditioned response begins to happen when the conditioned stimulus is presented, it is then the conditioned response (Ciccarelli White, p. 181, 2009). Extinction is the losing and eventual absence of the conditioned response to the conditioned stimulus if it is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus (Ciccarelli White, p. 82, 2009), Spontaneous recovery is the reappearance of the conditioned response for a short while when the original conditioned response appears (Ciccarelli White, p. 182, 2009). Higher order conditioning is getting response to other stimuli based on the original conditioned stimuli. In the textbook they theorize about what would happen if after Pavlov succeeded in getting the dogs to salivate at the bell ring, what would happen if he snapped his fingers right before he ran the bell (Ciccarelli White, p. 183, 2009)? The theory is that after enough times the dogs would salivate at the finger snap. Why is Learning Important? There are five types of learning; classical conditioning, operant conditioning, observation/vicarious learning, latent learning, and insight learning. Besides being able to set up experiments to test the types of learning, why is it important to know about the ways humans and animals learn? It is important to know how you learn best, why people are doing certain things, and what works to teach animals and children how to do things. For instance children learn a lot of their actions through observational learning (Ciccarelli Whit, p. 209, 2009). Children learned how to act towards a doll based on how others treated the doll, in an experiment (Bandura, et al. , 1961 as cited in Ciccarelli White, p. 209, 210, 2009). Development â€Å"Human development is the scientific study of the changes that occur in people as they age, from conception until death (Ciccarelli White, p. 310, 2009), Personality, cognition, biological development, and social connections are all considered to be part of developing (Ciccarelli White, p. 317, 2009). There are four argued theories; nature versus nurture, continuity versus stages, stability versus change, individual versus universal (K. Hoecker, class lecture, 2010). Continuity versus stages was the most interesting aspect of development to me. I believe that people change throughout their lives but I don’t necessarily believe that a stage needs to be completed 100% in order to successfully reach maturity. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development include four stages that a person must complete in order to be at their highest potential. From birth until 2 years old a child is considered to be in the sensorimotor stage. In the sensorimotor stage a child uses their senses and motor skills to explore and learn about the world. By the end of the sensorimotor stage the child will understand that when a person or object disappears it still exists (Ciccarelli White, p. 326, 2009). From ages 2 until 7 a child is said to be in the preoperational stage, in which they can ask questions about their environment and do not have to rely on their senses alone. They are only able to focus on one object at a time and cannot understand that by changing the appearance of something it does not mean that the thing itself has changed (Ciccarelli White, p. 327, 2009). The third stage of Piagnet’s stages is the concrete operations stage. During the concrete operations stage, age 7 to 12, a child can think logically but is lacking in the ability to understand abstract ideas (Ciccarelli White, p. 328, 2009). The last of Piagnet’s stages is the formal operations stage. The formal operations stage is generally from the age of 12 onward. During this last stage a person is able to understand abstract thoughts and can have hypothetical thinking (Ciccarelli White, p. 328, 2009). Personality Personality is how a person acts, think, feels, and presents themselves, it is a constant and originates within the individual (K. Hoecker, class lecture, 2010). There are four goals of personality theorists: figure out the components of identify, find out the structure of personality, and find out how people are motivated and the dynamics of personality, and how personality varies from person to person. Psychodynamic Theory of Personality Sigmund Freud split a person’s personality into three main components, the Id, the ego, and the superego. They are explained as, â€Å"Id: If it feels good, do it (Ciccarelli White, p. 520, 2009†,†Ego: The executive director (Ciccarelli White, p. 20, 2009), and the â€Å"Superego: The moral watchdog (Ciccarelli White, p. 521, 2009). Freud theorized that we develop in stages, which he called psychosexual stages. The first stage is the oral stage, the main focus is oral pleasure and if a person has difficulty in this stage are effected by problems with â€Å"ability to form interpersonal attachments, basic feelings about the world, tendency to use oral f orms of aggression, such as sarcasm, optimism or pessimism, tendency to take charge or be passive (Ciccarelli White, p. 525, 2009)†. The second stage is the anal stage. The anal stage is focused on bowel and bladder control. The third stage is the phallic stage is focused on the genitals and is when a child identifies themselves physically with the same sex parent (Ciccarelli White, p. 525, 2009). From age 6 years to puberty is called the latency stage because not much is going on psychosexually. From puberty to death is the genital; stage in which people focus on sexual behavior. I don’t agree with Freud on his theory of personality. To me it seems like he watched people develop and wrote a list based on what he saw in order to explain a difficult adulthood. I know from experience that if you turn potty training into a power struggle it makes for a hellish experience but I don’t think it is going to affect a child later on in their adulthood. Why Is This Important? I knew people learned in different ways but I didn’t know that there are five different learning types and in those types, different styles. I am the mother of a young child and since we covered Chapter 5 (Ciccarelli White, 2009), I have found myself looking back on the chapter in order to â€Å"trick† my daughter into learning new things. She now makes her bed every day because she modeled my action, and that same behavior worked towards putting dishes in the sink after dinner and picking up messes. I use to ask and then tell her to do something many times and get frustrated that it wasn’t getting done, now that I model the behavior when I know she is watching she is doing everything I had asked of her before without the power struggle. Knowing the different models of psychiatry is important to me and will be used in my life after I get my degree. I am in the behavioral health and human services program and am planning on being a licensed alcohol and drug ounselor soon. I will have to choose what theorist I most agree with and what style to work with when dealing with patients. I know that I will be working with an agency and will have to follow their guidelines but I will still need to understand the theory behind the practice. Global Citizenship Different cultures experience the same thing in different ways. In some cultures someone with schizophrenia may be looked on as having special powers in our culture they are viewed as sick. Cultures also have different psychiatric disorders, based on their own belief systems and structure. In America is not common that a person will fear their genitals are going to shrink or fall off but in China they have a disease name for it, Koro (Ciccarelli % White, p . 559, 2009). People act differently according to where they were raised, what they were taught and what resources available to them. I have an entirely different way of thinking and feeling about some things then even my sisters do, because they were raised with their father in a house while I grew up with my mother in a family shelter for a lot of my childhood. I am able to deal with some things better than them and other times I get panic stricken at things that don’t affect them. Even though we grew up in the same country, the same state, we grew up in different economic levels and with different parents. Being raised in a different location, region, time, economic class, culture in general makes it difficult to relate to other people. If the people have different experience they may not be able to understand where a person’s belief system is based and may not be able to validate that person’s beliefs. As discussed in the textbook people identify themselves. The social identity theory describes how a person develops an identity inside a group. Social categorization is how a person identifies them and where they place themselves into the group; to help determine the role they should play (Ciccarelli White, p. 495, 2009). Identification is how the person sees themselves in the group, and social comparison is when a person compares themselves to others in order to feel better about their role (Ciccarelli White, p. 495, 2009). How to cite What I Have Learned in Introduction to Psychology, Essay examples

LBJ Cold Warrior free essay sample

This paper discusses Johnson as a staunch supporter of containment, and how the President handled Vietnam. This essay examines the idea that President Lyndon B. Johnson was actually a strong supporter of containment and a hardline anti-communist foreign policy. The author discusses how the failure of his foreign policy is what has made detente his legacy. From the Paper: The issue of whether Johnson weakened containment comes down to the question of what is most important for containment to work. Is it more important to be able to successfully confront your enemy directly or to put up resistance wherever your enemy may attempt to penetrate around the globe? It seems to me that the former is a prerequisite for the latter. Johnson was only able to succeed at resisting communist insurgency in Latin America and elsewhere because the Soviets had not yet caught up to the United States in terms of strategic weapons. We will write a custom essay sample on LBJ: Cold Warrior or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In addition, in the areas were Johnson was successful, the Soviets had little direct effect. The one area where the Soviets did become actively involved, Vietnam, was a dismal failure for Johnson and the US.

Perception Check free essay sample

I will inform the audience in 3 ways, why perception checking is a good tool to help people understand others. Perception checking is just like looking at different picures that are shown to us where sometimes there would be a face but in actuality there was two or more faces hidden contained in that drawing as we examined the documents. Perception is important to help people understand other accurately instead of jumping to conclusion thinking the wrong thoughts. From my experience I learned its important to do perception check on people who usually are some way yet that day they are different. Sometimes, assumptions are correct, other times, they are dead-wrong and a potential trigger for conflict. Just like it happened to me with my boss. He is a pretty funny guy and very chill. One day I had a discussion with my boss and I told one of my co-wokers â€Å"im leaving† what I meant by that is that I was leaving home. We will write a custom essay sample on Perception Check or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Next day I see my boss not talking to me usually his very talkative and funny, and I felt like something was wrong. Alvaro, usually your always smilling and talking but today seems like your mad† I said â€Å"makes me think that your still mad for what happened yesterday but it could be something that happened today right or wrong? †. â€Å"yes diego I heard that you were going stop working here†, alvaro said. Then I explained the miss understanding that happened. So it is vitally important that we are always observing and doing some major perception checking when ever we feel like someone is getting the wrong impression or maybe i feel like someone is thinking differently of me in some type of way. Another experience with perception check that I had was with my friend that barely texts with periods. One day she was texting me with periods and I felt like I had to do a perception check to see what was wrong with her. â€Å"i see you texting me with period something that you never do† I said â€Å"makes me think something happen at home or that yuou dont want to talk to me, im I right? †. â€Å"Yes diego something is wrong but its personal, ill text you tomorrow. Even though she didnt told me what was wrong with her at least that let me know that it wasnt something against me. For my last perception checking statement I notice my energetic teammate from soccer just sitting alone with his headphones on and just looking down. I had to do a perception check. â€Å"ivan, I usually see you sitting with all the teammates and not alone listening to music. † I said, â€Å"makes me think something is wrong between you and maria, im I right? †. â€Å"no diego I just lost my car keys and I cant find it and stressing†. I was actually way off but at least he opened himself to me telling me what was wrong. Without perception checking we would automatically think that people dislike us for certain reasons, maybe just because they are using their body language to speak, or if someone was just starring at you for no reason. Without perception checking it would leave us always guessing and if I wouldnt do the perception check I could have been thinking the wrong idea of my friend ivan. Perception check is a good to help understand and know what is wrong with someone.

What Peasants and Laborers Wore in the Medieval Ages

What Peasants and Laborers Wore in the Medieval Ages While the fashions of the upper classes were changing with the decade (or at least the century), peasants and laborers stuck to the useful, modest garments their progenitors had been clad in for generations during the Middle Ages. Of course, as the centuries passed, minor variations in style and color were bound to appear; but, for the most part, medieval European peasants wore very similar clothing in most countries from the 8th to the 14th century. The Ubiquitous Tunic The basic garment worn by  men, women, and children alike was a tunic. This appears to have evolved from the Roman tunica of late antiquity. Such tunics are made either by folding over a long piece of fabric and cutting a hole in the center of the fold for the neck;  or by sewing two pieces of fabric together at the shoulders, leaving a gap for the neck. Sleeves, which werent always part of the garment, could be cut as part of the same piece of fabric and sewn closed  or added later. Tunics fell to at least the thighs. Though the garment might be called by different names at different times and places, the construction of the tunic was essentially the same throughout these centuries. At various times, men and, less often, women wore tunics with slits up the sides to afford more freedom of movement. An opening at the throat was fairly common to make it easier to put on over ones head; this might be a simple widening of the neck hole; or, it might be a slit that could be tied closed with cloth ties or left open with plain or decorative edging. Women wore their tunics long, usually to mid-calf, which made them, essentially, dresses. Some were even longer, with trailing trains that could be used in a variety of ways. If any of her chores required her to shorten her dress, the average peasant woman could tuck the ends of it up in her belt. Ingenious methods of tucking and folding could turn the excess fabric into a pouch for carrying picked fruit, chicken feed, etc.; or, she could wrap the train over her head to protect herself from the rain. Womens tunics were usually made of wool. Woolen fabric could be woven rather finely, though the quality of the cloth for working-class women was mediocre at best. Blue was the most common color for a womans tunic; though many different shades might be achieved, the blue dye made from the woad plant was used on a large percentage of manufactured cloth. Other colors were unusual, but not unknown: pale yellow, green, and a light shade of red or orange could all be made from less-expensive dyes. All these colors would fade in time; dyes that stayed fast over the years were too expensive for the average laborer. Men generally wore tunics that fell past their knees. If they needed them shorter, they could tuck the ends in their belts; or, they could hike up the garment and fold fabric from the middle of the tunic over their belts. Some men, particularly those engaged in heavy labor, might wear sleeveless tunics to help them deal with the heat. Most mens tunics were made of wool, but they were often coarser and not as brightly colored as womens wear. Mens tunics could be made from beige (undyed wool) or frieze (coarse wool with a heavy nap) as well as more finely woven wool. Undyed wool was sometimes brown or gray, from brown and gray sheep. Undergarments Realistically, there is no telling whether or not most members of the working classes wore anything between their skin and their woolen tunics until the 14th century. The contemporary artwork depicts peasants and laborers at work without revealing whats worn underneath their outer garments. But usually the nature of undergarments is that theyre worn under other garments and are therefore ordinarily unseen; so, the fact that there are no contemporary representations shouldnt hold much weight. In the 1300s, it became the fashion for people to wear shifts, or undertunics, that had longer sleeves and lower hemlines than their tunics, and therefore were plainly visible. Usually, among the working classes, these shifts would be woven from hemp and would remain undyed; after many wearings and washings, they would soften up and lighten in color. Field workers were known to wear shifts, hats, and little else in the heat of summer. More affluent people could afford linen undergarments. Linen could be fairly stiff, and unless bleached it wouldnt be perfectly white, though time, wear, and cleansing could make it lighter and more flexible. It was unusual for peasants and laborers to wear linen, but it wasnt altogether unknown; some of the clothing of the prosperous, including undergarments, were donated to the poor upon the wearers death. Men wore braes or loincloths for underpants. Whether or not women wore underpants remains a mystery. Shoes and Socks It was not at all uncommon for peasants to go about barefoot, especially in warmer weather. But in cooler weather and for work in the fields, fairly simple leather shoes were regularly worn. One of the most common styles was an ankle-high boot that laced up the front. Later styles were closed by a single strap and buckle. Shoes were known to have had wooden soles, but it was just as likely for soles to be constructed of thick or multi-layered leather. Felt was also used in shoes and slippers. Most shoes and boots had rounded toes; some shoes worn by the working class might have somewhat pointed toes, but workers didnt wear the extreme pointy styles that were at times the fashion of the upper classes. As with undergarments, its difficult to determine when stockings came into common use. Women probably didnt wear stockings any higher than the knee; they didnt have to  since their dresses were so long. But men, whose tunics were shorter and who were unlikely to have heard of trousers, let alone wear them, often wore hose up to the thighs. Hats, Hoods, and Other Head-Coverings For every member of society, a head-covering was an important part of ones attire, and the working class was no exception. Field workers often wore broad-brimmed straw hats to keep off the sun. A coif, a linen or hemp bonnet that fit close to the head and was tied under the chin,  was usually worn by men undertaking messy work such as pottery, painting, masonry,  or crushing grapes. Butchers and bakers wore kerchiefs over their hair; blacksmiths needed to protect their heads from flying sparks and might wear any of a variety of linen or felt caps. Women usually wore veils, a simple square, rectangle, or oval of linen kept in place by tying a ribbon or cord around the forehead. Some women also wore wimples, which attached to the veil and covered the throat and any exposed flesh above the tunics neckline. A barbette (chin strap) might be used to keep the veil and wimple in place, but for most working-class women, this extra piece of fabric may have seemed like an unnecessary expense. Headgear was very important for the respectable woman; only unmarried girls and prostitutes went without something covering their hair. Both men and women wore hoods, sometimes attached to capes or jackets. Some hoods had a length of fabric in the back that the wearer could wrap around his neck or his head. Men were known to wear hoods that were attached to a short cape that covered the shoulders, very often in colors that contrasted with their tunics. Both red and blue became popular colors for hoods. Outer Garments For men who worked outdoors, an additional protective garment would usually be worn in cold or rainy weather. This could be a simple sleeveless cape or a coat with sleeves. In the earlier Middle Ages, men wore fur capes and cloaks, but there was a general view among medieval people that fur was worn only by savages, and its use went out of vogue for all but garment linings for quite some time. Though they lacked todays plastic, rubber, and Scotch-Guard, medieval folk could still manufacture fabric that resisted water, at least to a degree. This could be done by fulling wool during the manufacturing process, or by waxing the garment once it was complete. Waxing was known to be done in England, but seldom elsewhere due to the scarcity and expense of wax. If wool was made without the stringent cleansing of professional manufacturing, it would retain some of the sheeps lanolin and would, therefore, be naturally somewhat water-resistant. Most women worked indoors and didnt often have need of a protective outer garment. When they went out in cold weather, they might wear a simple shawl, cape, or pelisse. This last was a fur-lined coat or jacket; the modest means of peasants and poor laborers limited the fur to cheaper varieties, such as goat or cat. The Laborers Apron Many jobs required protective gear to keep the laborers everyday wear clean enough to wear every day. The most common protective garment was the apron. Men would wear an apron whenever they performed a task that could cause a mess: filling barrels, butchering animals, mixing paint. Usually, the apron was a simple square or rectangular piece of cloth, often linen and sometimes hemp, which the wearer would tie around his waist by its corners. Men usually didnt wear their aprons until it was necessary and removed them when their messy tasks were done. Most chores that occupied the peasant housewifes time were potentially messy; cooking, cleaning, gardening, drawing water from the well, changing diapers. Thus, women typically wore aprons throughout the day. A womans apron often fell to her feet and sometimes covered her torso as well as her skirt. So common was the apron that it eventually became a standard part of the peasant womans costume. Throughout much of the Early and High Middle Ages, aprons were undyed hemp or linen, but in the later medieval period, they began to be dyed a variety of colors. Girdles Belts, also known as girdles, were common accouterments for men and women. They might be made from rope, fabric cords, or leather. Occasionally belts might have buckles, but it was more common for poorer folk to tie them instead. Laborers and peasants not only tucked up their clothing with their girdles, but they also attached tools, purses, and utility pouches to them. Gloves Gloves and mittens were also fairly common and were used to protect the hands from injury as well as for warmth in cold weather. Workers such as masons, blacksmiths, and even peasants cutting wood and making hay were known to use gloves. Gloves and mittens could be of virtually any material, depending on their specific purpose. One type of workers glove was made from sheepskin, with the wool on the inside, and had a thumb and two fingers to offer a little more manual dexterity than a mitten. Nightwear The idea that all medieval people slept naked is unlikely; in fact, some period artwork shows folk in bed wearing a simple shirt or gown. But due to the expense of clothing and the limited wardrobe of the working class, it is quite possible that many laborers and peasants slept naked, at least during warmer weather. On cooler nights, they could wear shifts to bed,  possibly even the same ones theyd worn that day under their clothes. Making and Buying Clothes All clothing was hand-sewn, of course, and was time-consuming to make compared to modern machine methods. Working-class folk couldnt afford to have a tailor make their clothes, but they could trade with or purchase from a neighborhood seamstress or make their outfits themselves, especially since fashion was not their foremost concern. While some made their own cloth, it was far more common to purchase or barter for finished cloth, either from a draper or peddler or from fellow villagers. Mass-produced items like hats, belts, shoes and other accessories were sold in specialty stores in big towns and cities, by peddlers in rural areas, and at markets everywhere. The Working-Class Wardrobe It was sadly all too common in a feudal system for the poorest folk to own nothing more than the clothes on their back. But most people, even peasants, werent quite that poor. People usually had at least two sets of clothes: everyday wear and the equivalent of Sunday best, which would not only be worn to church (at least once a week, often more frequently) but to social events as well. Virtually every woman, and many men, were capable of sewing, if only just a little, and garments were patched and mended for years. Garments and good linen undergarments were even bequeathed to heirs or donated to the poor when their owner died. More prosperous peasants and artisans would often have several suits of clothes and more than one pair of shoes, depending on their needs. But the amount of clothing in any medieval persons wardrobe, even a royal personage, couldnt come near what modern people usually have in their closets today. Sources Piponnier, Francoise, and Perrine Mane, Dress in the Middle Ages. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997.Kà ¶hler, Carl, A History of Costume. George G. Harrap and Company, Limited, 1928; reprinted by Dover.Norris, Herbert, Medieval Costume and Fashion.: London: J.M. Dent and Sons, 1927; reprinted by Dover.Netherton, Robin, and Gale R. Owen-Crocker, Medieval Clothing and TextilesBoydell Press, 2007. Jenkins, D.T., editor. The Cambridge History of Western Textiles, vols. I and II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Telecommuting, aka Tele-working Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Telecommuting, aka Tele-working - Research Paper Example Telecommuting has significantly altered the traditional offices through the introduction of phones, computers and other telecommunications tools at off-site locations. Golden (2001) stated that the formation of telecommuting has been explored through several terms such as telework, distance work, remote work, flexi work and home based work among others. However, there are no clear definitions that exist regarding the term telecommuting. Several authors have provided varying definitions regarding telecommuting. For instance Olson (1987) denoted telecommuting as an organizational work which is executed outside of the company premises. It is augmented by information technology (IT). Telecommuters are employees who habitually spend about two to four days in a week, performing their tasks at home. Korte & Wynne (1996) recommended that there are three dimensions of telecommuting namely location, implementation of IT and communication network. In the US, telecommuting is referred as telewor king while in Europe telecommuting is denoted as distance working and off-site working. Hamilton (2002) stated telecommuting as a schedule where employees conduct their work at home for a certain percentage of core working time. The place of work can be at home, at a remote office location or some other places which are outside of main office premise. Considering this aspect, it can be stated that telecommuting is an alternative method of work system where employees spend a consistent amount of time at a location other than office, essentially working from home through using computer and telecommunication system. According to Cross (2013), telecommuting means performing work at a location away from workplace and then sending the outcome of the performed work through the electronic medium. The following figure depicts the telecommuting work system: Fig 1: Telecommuting Work System Fig 1: Cross (2013) From the above figure, it can be stated that telecommuting usually supplements diffe rent office based functions. Green, Lopez, Wysocki & Kepner (2003) defined popular terms which cover telecommuting as a remote work, ‘location independent tasks’ and ‘home distributed data processing’ among others. Telecommuting is basically preformed on a terminal which is connected by modem and telephone line to mainframe computer of office. Telecommuting is also performed through personal computer systems where the competed tasks are transmitted over telecommunication media to the organizations’ computer facilities (Green, Lopez, Wysocki & Kepner, 2003). Telecommuting work provisions have a range of procedures depending on the requirements of employees and organizations. For instance, part time telework permits employees to avoid regular travels to the main office, which may or may not be conveniently reachable. Part time telework comprises work of editors or designers who frequently perform as outworkers. On the other hand, full time telework all ows employees to perform as a part of virtual teams who assemble through electronic media from different locations in order to conduct organizational tasks. An example of full time telework comprises medical transcriptionists who perform their tasks at home for an established organization (Green, Lopez, Wysocki & Kepner, 2003). Current telecommuting technologies Successful telecommuting necessitates a number of technologies which permit employees to efficiently communicate with coworkers, supervisors and clienteles. A few of the

HISTORY SUMMARY FOR FDR & JEWISH REFUGEE INCIDENT and KAMIKAZE PILOTS Essay

HISTORY SUMMARY FOR FDR & JEWISH REFUGEE INCIDENT and KAMIKAZE PILOTS - Essay Example Roosevelt was one of the few men during his time who understood what has happening and looked for ways to defeat Hitler and put an end to the Holocaust. The Roosevelt administration did everything possible to save the Jews and the victims of the Nazis. Rosen reveals in his book that President Roosevelt, in spite of the Great Depression wherein a lot of Americans lost their jobs after the stock market crashed, widespread American isolationism, strict immigration legislation, and extensive Semitism which then prevailed in America, did not abandon the Jews; he led the Allies in war against Hitler and the Nazis which cost fifty million lives. President Roosevelt also maintained close ties with many Jewish leaders, many of whom he appointed to high-level positions which include the Supreme Court. During the weaker periods of his presidency, he made many attempts to allow Jewish refugees to enter the United States. While the Holocaust was happening, there was clamor in America to remain ne utral regarding European affairs and distrust anything that had a tinge of internationalism. The American Jews were also divided with regard to coming up with the best policy for freeing their fellow Jews from the Nazis. Many accusations were thrown at President Roosevelt for the way he handled the Holocaust and Rosen considers these to be unfair. One of these accusations involved the SS St. Louis, a shipload of German Jewish refugees which was turned away from Cuba and denied permission to dock in the United States. The SS St. Louis left Hamburg in May of 1939 before World War I broke out or before the Final Solution was imposed. The Final Solution began when Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941. Cuba refused to let the German Jewish passengers leave the ship because they had bough visas which were considered illegal under Cuban law. The United States government under Roosevelt immediately acted on the problem. Rosen explains how the Roosevelt administration tried to convince C uba to permit the Jews to enter and even went as far as bribing the Cuban government to allow the passengers of the ship to enter Cuba. Rosen also made mention of the efforts FDR’s people to arranged for the ship’s passengers to be taken in by England and by other European countries and avoid being returned to Germany. The Jews were aware that the Americans had saved them. Rosen also said that the Roosevelt administration found difficulty in making an exception in U.S. immigration policy. This was due to the fact that a lot of Americans had feared the increasing wave of immigrants who mostly created trouble such as the anarchists who bombed Haymarket in Chicago in 1886, those who gave rise to violent, radical, and revolutionary labor movements, and the Polish anarchist who assassinated President William McKinley in 1901. The Roosevelt administration was also accused of failing to denounce the Holocaust. Because of this FDR was thought of as having been part of the cons piracy of silence while the Holocaust was happening. According to Rosen, there was no such conspiracy and that FDR did not keep silent while millions of Jews died at the hand of Hitler and his Nazis. As a matter of fact, Roosevelt expressed his outrage over the way Hitler treated the Jews. He thought that Hitler was insane.

Amadeus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Amadeus - Essay Example of Salieri’s character to come up with the plays main theme, however, different theories are being studied on the truth behind Mozart’s death (Shaffer). I enjoyed this play because it was more realistic and the touch of tragedy and drama made it more interesting and easier to understand. It also portrayed classic rivalry wherein there was jealousy, attempts of suicide and murder, and slight mention of love and relationships which can also be seen in books and movies today. Compared to the tragedy play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, Amadeus was slightly more interesting from a male standpoint. What I disliked about this play was the thin line between fiction and non-fiction. It would be much better if it was a fiction or a non-fiction and not a combination of the two to enable the audience to relate it to their lives and resonate on the feelings it portray, in which case this play failed to do so. Another thing I disliked about it was the several revisions Shaffer did from the original play, I think, for others to believe on what was written, a writer must stick to its

Banking, Customer Satisfaction IDBI Bank Awareness

Banking, Customer Satisfaction IDBI Bank Awareness CHAPTER- I 1.1 Title of the study 1.2 Scope of the study 1.3 Objective of the study 1.4 Significance of study 1.5 Researcher methodology 1.1 Title of the study:- â€Å"A survey on banking products, customer satisfaction awareness of IDBI Bank† 1.2 Scope Importance of the Study Each and every project study along with its certain objectives also have scope for  future. And this scope in future gives to new researches a new need to research a  new project with a new scope. Scope of the study not only consist one or two future  business plan but sometime it also gives idea about a new business which becomes  much more profitable for the researches then the older one. Scope of the study could give the projected scenario for a new observed in my project  are not exactly having all the features of the scope which I described above but also  not lacking all the features. Research study could give an idea of network expansion for capturing more  market and customer with better services and lower cost, with out compromising  with quality. In future customer requirements could be added with the product and services for  getting an edge over competitors. Consumer behavior could also be used for the purpose of launching a new  product with extra benefits which are required by customers for their account  (saving or current ) and/or for their investments. Factors which are responsible for the performance for bank can also be used for  the modification of the strategy and product for being more profitable. 1.3 Objectives of the study:- To know the customer needs and expectations. To find out the factors which customer take into consideration in opening a account To know that up to what extent a customer is satisfied with the bank To know the customer complaints and their redressal 1.4 Significance of the study:- Every research is conducted to fulfill certain objectives and these objective in turn fulfill some purpose and are of significance for one or more then one party these research is significant for:- To the Researcher:- This study provides the researcher a practical insight of various activities and function of the bank The researcher will also be able to develop on in depth knowledge of banking sector The study is also required for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MBA as per the curriculum To the Bank:- The study would help IDBI Bank to know the customers attitude (about awareness and satisfaction level) towards its various products. 1.5 Research Methodology:- 1) Type of Research Research is descriptive in nature 2) Universe Customer of IDBI Bank in New Delhi 3) Sampling Unit Existing customer of IDBI Bank 4) Sampling Technique Convenience method of sampling was used 5) Sample Size 200 respondents 6) Data Type Primary secondary data PRIMARY DATA The Primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time, and thus  happen to be original in character. SECONDARY DATA The secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else  and which have already been passed through the statistical process. CHAPTER II 2.1 Industry Introduction 2.2 Introduction to IDBI bank: All about 2.3 Management Organization 2.4 IDBI bank business chart 2.5 IDBI bank organizational chart 2.6 Product Services 2.7 Subsidiaries of IDBI 2.8 Review of literature 2.1 Industry introduction The Indian Banking industry, which is governed by the Banking Regulation  Act of India, 1949 can be broadly classified into two major categories, non-scheduled banks and scheduled banks. Scheduled banks comprise  commercial banks and the co-operative banks. In terms of ownership,  commercial banks can be further grouped into nationalized banks, the State  Bank of India and its group banks, regional rural banks and private sector  banks (the old/ new domestic and foreign). These banks have over 67,000  branches spread across the country in every city and villages of all nook and  corners of the land. The first phase of financial reforms resulted in the nationalization of 14 major  banks in 1969 and resulted in a shift from Class banking to Mass banking. This in turn resulted in a significant growth in the geographical coverage of  banks. Every bank had to earmark a minimum percentage of their loan  portfolio to sectors identified as â€Å"priority sectors†. The manufacturing sector  also grew during the 1970s in protected environs and the banking sector was  a critical source. The next wave of reforms saw the nationalization of 6 more  commercial banks in 1980. Since then the number of scheduled commercial  banks increased four-fold and the foreign banks (numbering42), regional rural  banks and other scheduled commercial banks accounted for 5.7 percent, 3.9  percent and 12.2 percent respectively in deposits and 8.41 percent, 3.14  percent and number of bank branches increased eight-fold. And that was not  the limit of growth. After the second phase of financial sector reforms and liberalization of the  sector in the early nineties, the Public Sector Banks (PSB) s found it  extremely difficult to compete with the new private sector banks and the  foreign banks. The new private sector banks first made their appearance after  the guidelines permitting them were issued in January 1993. Eight new  private sector banks are presently in operation. These banks due to their late  start have access to state-of-the-art technology, which in turn helps them to  save on manpower costs. During the year 2000, the State Bank Of India (SBI) and its 7 associates  accounted for a 25 percent share in deposits and 28.1 percent share in credit. The 20 nationalized banks accounted for 53.2 percent of the deposits and 47.5  percent of credit during the same period. Current Scenario: The industry is currently in a transition phase. On the one hand, the PSBs,  which are the mainstay of the Indian Banking system are in the process of  shedding their flab in terms of excessive manpower, excessive non  Performing Assets (Npas) and excessive governmental equity, while on the  other hand the private sector banks are consolidating themselves through  mergers and acquisitions.   PSBs, which currently account for more than 78 percent of total banking  industry assets are saddled with NPAs (a mind-boggling Rs 830 billion in  2000), falling revenues from traditional sources, lack of modern technology  and a massive workforce while the new private sector banks are forging  ahead and rewriting the traditional banking business model by way of their  sheer innovation and service. The PSBs are of course currently working out  challenging strategies even as 20 percent of their massive employee strength  has dwindled in the wake of the successful Voluntary Retirement Schemes  (VRS) schemes. The private players however cannot match the PSBs great reach, great size  and access to low cost deposits. Therefore one of the means for them to  combat the PSBs has been through the merger and acquisition (M A) route. Over the last two years, the industry has witnessed several such instances. For instance, HDFC Banks merger with Times Bank Icici Banks acquisition  of ITC Classic, Anagram Finance and Bank of Madurai. Centurion Bank,  Indusind Bank, Bank of Punjab, Vysya Bank are said to be on the lookout. The  UTI bank- Global Trust Bank merger however opened a pandoras box and  brought about the realization that all was not well in the functioning of many  of the private sector banks. Private sector Banks have pioneered internet banking, phone banking,  anywhere banking, mobile banking, debit cards, Automatic Teller Machines  (ATMs) and combined various other services and integrated them into the  mainstream banking arena, while the PSBs are still grappling with disgruntled  employees in the aftermath of successful VRS schemes. Also, following  Indias commitment to the W To agreement in respect of the services sector,  foreign banks, including both new and the existing ones, have been permitted  to open up to 12 branches a year with effect from 1998-99 as against the  earlier stipulation of 8 branches. Tasks of government diluting their equity from 51 percent to 33 percent in  November 2000 has also opened up a new opportunity for the takeover of  even the PSBs. The FDI rules being more rationalized in Q1FY02 may also  pave the way for foreign banks taking the M A route to acquire willing Indian  partners. Meanwhile the economic and corporate sector slowdown has led to an  increasing number of banks focusing on the retail segment. Many of them are  also entering the new vistas of Insurance. Banks with their phenomenal reach  and a regular interface with the retail investor are the best placed to enter into  the insurance sector. Banks in India have been allowed to provide fee-based  insurance services without risk participation, invest in an insurance company  for providing infrastructure and services support and set up of a separate  joint- venture insurance company with risk participation. Aggregate Performance of the Banking Industry Aggregate deposits of scheduled commercial banks increased at a  compounded annual average growth rate (Cagr) of 17.8 percent during 1969-99, while bank credit expanded at a Cagr of 16.3 percent per annum. Banks  investments in government and other approved securities recorded a Cagr of  18.8 percent per annum during the same period. In FY01 the economic slowdown resulted in a Gross Domestic Product (GDP)  growth of only 6.0 percent as against the previous years 6.4 percent. The WPI  Index (a measure of inflation) increased by 7.1 percent as against 3.3 percent  in FY00. Similarly, money supply (M3) grew by around 16.2 percent as against 14.6  percent a year ago. The growth in aggregate deposits of the scheduled commercial banks at 15.4  percent in FY01 percent was lower than that of 19.3 percent in the previous  year, while the growth in credit by SCBs slowed down to 15.6 percent in FY01  against 23 percent a year ago. The industrial slowdown also affected the earnings of listed banks. The net  profits of 20 listed banks dropped by 34.43 percent in the quarter ended  March 2001. Net profits grew by 40.75 percent in the first quarter of 2000-2001, but dropped to 4.56 percent in the fourth quarter of 20002001. On the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) front while most banks managed to  fulfill the norms, it was a feat achieved with its own share of difficulties. The  CAR, which at present is 9.0 percent, is likely to be hiked to 12.0 percent by  the year 2004 based on the Basle Committee recommendations. Any bank  that wishes to grow its assets needs to also shore up its capital at the same  time so that its capital as a percentage of the risk-weighted assets is  maintained at the stipulated rate. While the IPO route was a much-fancied one  in the early ‘90s, the current scenario doesnt look too attractive for bank  majors. Consequently, banks have been forced to explore other avenues to shore up  their capital base. While some are wooing foreign partners to add to the  capital others are employing the M A route. Many are also going in for right  issues at prices considerably lower than the market prices to woo the  investors. Interest Rate Scene The two years, post the East Asian crises in 1997-98 saw a climb in the global  interest rates. It was only in the later half of FY01 that the US Fed cut interest  rates. India has however remained more or less insulated. The past 2 years in  our country was characterized by a mounting intention of the Reserve Bank  Of India (RBI) to steadily reduce interest rates resulting in a narrowing  differential between global and domestic rates. The RBI has been affecting bank rate and CRR cuts at regular intervals to  improve liquidity and reduce rates. The only exception was in July 2000 when  the RBI increased the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) to stem the fall in the rupee  against the dollar. The steady fall in the interest rates resulted in squeezed  margins for the banks in general. Governmental Policy: After the first phase and second phase of financial reforms, in the 1980s  commercial banks began to function in a highly regulated environment, with  administered interest rate structure, quantitative restrictions on credit flows,  high reserve requirements and reservation of a significant proportion of  lendable resources for the priority and the government sectors. The  restrictive regulatory norms led to the credit rationing for the private sector  and the interest rate controls led to the unproductive use of credit and low  levels of investment and growth. The resultant ‘financial repression led to  decline in productivity and efficiency and erosion of profitability of the  banking sector in general. This was when the need to develop a sound commercial banking system was  felt. This was worked out mainly with the help of the recommendations of the  Committee on the Financial System (Chairman: Shri M. Narasimham), 1991. The resultant financial sector reforms called for interest rate flexibility for  banks, reduction in reserve requirements, and a number of structural  measures. Interest rates have thus been steadily deregulated in the past few  years with banks being free to fix their Prime Lending Rates(PLRs) and  deposit rates for most banking products. Credit market reforms included  introduction of new instruments of credit, changes in the credit delivery  system and integration of functional roles of diverse players, such as, banks,  financial institutions and non-banking financial companies (Nbfcs). Domestic Private Sector Banks were allowed to be set up, PSBs were allowed  to access the markets to shore up their Cars. Implications Of Some Recent Policy Measures: The allowing of PSBs to shed manpower and dilution of equity are moves that  will lend greater autonomy to the industry. In order to lend more depth to the  capital markets the RBI had in November 2000 also changed the capital  market exposure norms from 5 percent of banks incremental deposits of the  previous year to 5 percent of the banks total domestic credit in the previous  year. But this move did not have the desired effect, as in, while most banks  kept away almost completely from the capital markets, a few private sector  banks went overboard and exceeded limits and indulged in dubious stock  market deals. The chances of seeing banks making a comeback to the stock  markets are therefore quite unlikely in the near future. The move to increase  Foreign Direct Investment FDI limits to 49 percent from 20 percent during the  first quarter of this fiscal came as a welcome announcement to foreign  players wanting to get a foot hold in the Indian Markets by in vesting in willing  Indian partners who are starved of net worth to meet CAR norms. Ceiling for  FII investment in companies was also increased from 24.0 percent to 49.0  percent and have been included within the ambit of FDI investment. IDBI bank: all about The economic development of any country depends on the extent to which its  financial system efficiently and effectively mobilizes and allocates resources. There are a number of banks and financial institutions that perform this  function; one of them is the development bank. Development banks are  unique financial institutions that perform the special task of fostering the  development of a nation, generally not undertaken by other banks. Development banks are financial agencies that provide medium-and long-term financial assistance and act as catalytic agents in promoting balanced  development of the country. They are engaged in promotion and development  of industry, agriculture, and other key sectors. They also provide  development services that can aid in the accelerated growth of an economy. The objectives of development banks are: To serve as an agent of development in various sectors, viz. industry,  agriculture, and international trade To accelerate the growth of the economy To allocate resources to high priority areas To foster rapid industrialization, particularly in the private sector,  so as to provide employment opportunities as well as higher production   To develop entrepreneurial skills To promote the development of rural areas To finance housing, small scale industries, infrastructure, and social  utilities. 2.2 Introduction to the Bank IDBI the tenth largest development bank in the world has promoted world class institutions in India. A few of such institution built by IDBI are the National Stock Holding Corp. (NSE), the National Securities Depository Services Ltd.( NSDL ) Stock Holding Corp. of India (SHICL) etc. IDBI is a strategic investor in a plethora of institutions, which have revolutionized the Indian Financial Markets. IDBI promoted IDBI BANK to mark the formal foray of the Idbi group into commercial Banking. Idbi Bank, which began with an equity capital base of Rs. 1000 million (Rs.800 million contribute by IDBI and Rs. 200 millions by SIDBI), commenced its first branch at Indore in November 1995. The birth of Idbi bank took place after RBI issued guidelines for entry of new private sector banks in January 93. Subsequently, IDBI as promoters sought permission to establish a commercial bank and retained KPMG a management consultant of international repute to prepare the principle approval to establish Idbi bank on February 11th 1994 thereafter the bank was incorporated at Gwalior under companies act on 15th September 1994 with its registered office at Indore. The Certificate of Commencement of Business was received on 2nd December 1994. Banks registered office is in Indore and Head Office in Mumbai. One of the reason for the growth of Indian banks like ICICI and IDBI is that they have been allowed freedom to open any no. of branches in a particular city or suburb. They have also been given the freedom to open ATMs unlike in both cases the foreign banks who have been restricted in both of these areas. 2.3 Management Organisation IDBI Bank is a Board-managed organisation. The responsibility for the day-to-day  management of operations of the Bank is vested with the Chairman Managing  Director and two Deputy Managing Directors, who draw upon the support and  expertise of a cross- disciplinary Top Management Team. As on March 31, 2008, IDBI  Bank had a combined employee base of 8989, including professionals from the fields  of accountancy, management, engineering, law, computer technology, banking and  economics. Mr. Yogesh Agarwal, Chairman Managing Director Mr. Jitender Balakrishnan, Mr. O.V. Bundellu, (Deputy Managing Director) (Deputy Managing Director) OTHER BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2.4 IDBI Bank business chart 2.5 IDBI bank organizational chart 2.6 Products Services Free services Following services are provided to every type of A/C holder in general- ATMs : Besides cash withdrawals, some of the important things that you can do through the International Debit cum ATM card are : Balance Enquiry Statement Request Cheque-book Request Mini statements Cheque and Cash Deposits International usage Make purchases at 51,000 merchant establishments in India and over 10 million worldwide. Fabulous discounts and great deals at various establishments Internet Banking: Internet Banking gives you the power to access your bank account from your Personal Computer. Some of the important features of Internet Banking are : Account Balance Inquiry Transaction tracking and history Cheque status inquiry Funds transfer facilities to Own-account or third-parties Cheque book Requests Stop payment Requests FD renewal Requests Phone Banking: Just pick up your phone and access your account. The following features are available through Phone Banking : Available round the clock 24*7*365 Current Balance Inquiry Last 5 transactions inquiry Statement by fax fax-back, fax to another number, fax to registerednumber, Statement by mail Cheque status enquiry Cheque book request Balance as of a particular date Mobile Banking: The unique feature is that this facility is available across all mobile service providers. Balance enquiry Details of Last three transactions Cheque payment status Cheque book request Statement request Other services Sunday Banking Some of our branches are also open on Sundays that gives you an opportunity to complete all your banking requirements at your convenience. Locker Our branches provide lockers facility at nominal charges Who can open Account? Resident Individuals, Minors, Hindu Undivided Family (HUF), Trusts, Associations, Clubs, Societies, Foreign National residing in India can open a/c. Documents required for Account Opening: Account opening form Latest passport size photograph Self cheque or cash deposit Copy of passport In the absence of passport copy, copy of one document each from List A and List B is required: List A Voters ID card * Defense services Id/ Government ID Driving License * PAN card Photo credit card List B Latest bank account/credit card statement Latest electricity/telephone/mobile phone bill Latest copy of LIC policy or insurance premium receipt Latest copy of NSC Letter from employer certifying current mailing address Latest house lease agreement SuperSavings Account An assortment of benefits, earnings and convenience. Be it happiness in life or more time for yourself, you have always desired more  of it. So why settle for less with your savings account? The SuperSavings Account is a complete financial package that provides you  with easy access to your money and complete banking convenience too. It  offers you a whole range of options for optimal management of your money. Which means, with SuperSavings Account you not only save your money but  also make it grow. So apart from the basic benefits of a savings account, we offer you options for  faster transfer of funds, options to pay your bills or tax online and options to  grow money at attractive interest rates in the savings account. All these  features are offered for a minimum balance of Rs 5,000. Please click on the  links given below to find out more about each of these features. The SuperSavings Account is a complete financial package that provides you  with easy access to your money and complete banking convenience too. It  offers you a whole range of options for optimal management of your money. Which means, with SuperSavings Account you not only save your money but  also make it grow. Roaming Current Account A Current account for every business No two businesses are the same, which is why IDBI Bank offersfive Roaming Current Accounts Gold to suit your business needs. Based on the balance you choose to maintain in the account,  you can then choose your specific Roaming Current Account accordingly. IDBI Bank Current Accounts not only gives you the flexibility of banking  anytime, anywhere, but also allows you to save more money while doing  business across the country. Roaming Current Account from IDBI Bank comes packed with a host of  services and facilities that makes your banking convenient and hassle-free. With services such as multi-city and multi-branch banking, electronic funds   transfers, national clearing in selected cities, 247 cash withdrawals from  ATMs, Internet Banking, Phone Banking and SMS Banking, you are assured  of faster remittances and collection of funds at competitive rates. Whats  more, extended IDBI Banking hours and Sunday Banking, all this to simplify  banking for you! Features:- Make payments to your vendors in different cities without any costs. Receive payments form your customers without any charge deducted from the  amount Do all your banking right from where you are or wherever you travel Most importantly, maintain better relations with your vendors and customers. All this, only with the IDBI Bank RoamingCurrent Account. You can open a Current Account (Basic RoamingCurrent Account)with only  Rs 10,000. Keep in mind, you will have to maintain an average quarterly  balance of Rs 10,000. But this is nothing compared to a host of services and  facilities that will make your current account work more effectively and  efficiently. Open Current Accounts Following can open current A/c: Sole Proprietorship Firm Partnership firm Private and Public Limited Companies Hindu Undivided Family Trusts Societies, Clubs Associations Documents required for account opening: Sole Proprietorship Account opening form Signed declaration in the Account Opening form Passport Copy or Self-cheque along with a copy of (any one) >> Voter ID card >> Defence Id/Govt ID >> Driving License >> PAN card >> Photo credit card In addition the following forms are required Proof of existence of sole proprietorship firm (any one) >> Electricity/Telephone bill for the sole proprietorship firm >> Shop and Establishment certificate >> Proof of PAN /GIR No or Form 60 (only for cash deposits) >> Latest passport sized photograph of the sole proprietor If the address mentioned in any of the above documents is different from that stated in the account opening form, kindly submit any one of the following to confirm the present address >> Ration card >> gas connection receipt >> latest telephone bill >> latest electricity bill Partnership firm Account opening form Signed declaration in the Account Opening form Passport copies of all partners or Self-cheque along with a copy of (any one) >> Voter ID card >> Defence Id/Govt ID >> Driving License >> PAN card >> Photo credit card In addition the following forms are required Proof of existence of partnership firm (any one) >> Shop and Establishment certificate >> Copy of registration certificate >> Copy of partnership deed >> Letter of consent signed by all partners (as per banks format) Private Limited and Public Limited Companies Account opening form Copy of certificate of incorporation Names and latest passport sized photographs of the authorized signatories Certified true copy of memorandum and articles of association Certified true copy of commencement of business PAN /GIR No details or Form 60 Names, addresses of directors of the companies Certified true copy of board resolution Hindu Undivided Family Account opening form Signed declaration by Karta and Co-parcenors in the Account opening Form Names and signatures addresses of Karta and co-parcenors Names, signatures and latest passport sized photographs of authorized signatories PAN /GIR No details or Form 60 Trusts Account opening form Copy of Trust Deed Copy of the resolution of the Trustees Copy of registration certificate Names and latest passport size photographs of the authorized signatories Names, addresses of the trustees Clubs/Societies and Associations Names and signatures and latest passport sized photographs of authorized signatories Copy of rules and by-laws Copy of the resolution of members for account operation Copy of registration certificate Account Opening Form Idbi banks Business Special Current account gives a host of free services and facilities that ensure optimal utilization of funds, higher liquidity and cost savings. At he same time you dont have to keep a higher minimum balance. You need to keep an Average quarterly balance of Rs. 50,000 only to avail the free services Business Premium Bronze (Rs. 1 lac-AQB) Type of Accounts: Bronze Average Quarterly Balance (AQB):1lac Free funds transfers (per month) Cheque payable locally (in over 65 idbi bank locations) :1.5 cr Demand Draft per day (on over 65 idbi bank locations) :10 lack Demand Draft (on over 300 non-idbi bank locations) :chargeable Electronic Funds Transfers :1.5 cr Pay Orders : un limited Free cheque collection (per month) Outstation cheque collection (on idbi bank locations) :50 lac Daily cheque pick-up from your establishment* :Yes Free Inter-branch banking Any branch cash withdrawal (per day) : 1lac Any branch cash deposit (per day) : Rs 20,000 Total limit for Free transactions (per day) : 6.86 cr Cost saving to the customer per year : 16 lac Also available Basic Current Account (AQB of Rs 10,000). you get monthly statement of account, certificate of balance, seep-in from FD and Net, Phone and Mobile banking facilities all FREE Business Premium Silver (Rs. 3 lacks -AQB) Types of Accounts: Silver Ø Average Quarterly Balance (AQB):3lac Banking, Customer Satisfaction IDBI Bank Awareness Banking, Customer Satisfaction IDBI Bank Awareness CHAPTER- I 1.1 Title of the study 1.2 Scope of the study 1.3 Objective of the study 1.4 Significance of study 1.5 Researcher methodology 1.1 Title of the study:- â€Å"A survey on banking products, customer satisfaction awareness of IDBI Bank† 1.2 Scope Importance of the Study Each and every project study along with its certain objectives also have scope for  future. And this scope in future gives to new researches a new need to research a  new project with a new scope. Scope of the study not only consist one or two future  business plan but sometime it also gives idea about a new business which becomes  much more profitable for the researches then the older one. Scope of the study could give the projected scenario for a new observed in my project  are not exactly having all the features of the scope which I described above but also  not lacking all the features. Research study could give an idea of network expansion for capturing more  market and customer with better services and lower cost, with out compromising  with quality. In future customer requirements could be added with the product and services for  getting an edge over competitors. Consumer behavior could also be used for the purpose of launching a new  product with extra benefits which are required by customers for their account  (saving or current ) and/or for their investments. Factors which are responsible for the performance for bank can also be used for  the modification of the strategy and product for being more profitable. 1.3 Objectives of the study:- To know the customer needs and expectations. To find out the factors which customer take into consideration in opening a account To know that up to what extent a customer is satisfied with the bank To know the customer complaints and their redressal 1.4 Significance of the study:- Every research is conducted to fulfill certain objectives and these objective in turn fulfill some purpose and are of significance for one or more then one party these research is significant for:- To the Researcher:- This study provides the researcher a practical insight of various activities and function of the bank The researcher will also be able to develop on in depth knowledge of banking sector The study is also required for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MBA as per the curriculum To the Bank:- The study would help IDBI Bank to know the customers attitude (about awareness and satisfaction level) towards its various products. 1.5 Research Methodology:- 1) Type of Research Research is descriptive in nature 2) Universe Customer of IDBI Bank in New Delhi 3) Sampling Unit Existing customer of IDBI Bank 4) Sampling Technique Convenience method of sampling was used 5) Sample Size 200 respondents 6) Data Type Primary secondary data PRIMARY DATA The Primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time, and thus  happen to be original in character. SECONDARY DATA The secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else  and which have already been passed through the statistical process. CHAPTER II 2.1 Industry Introduction 2.2 Introduction to IDBI bank: All about 2.3 Management Organization 2.4 IDBI bank business chart 2.5 IDBI bank organizational chart 2.6 Product Services 2.7 Subsidiaries of IDBI 2.8 Review of literature 2.1 Industry introduction The Indian Banking industry, which is governed by the Banking Regulation  Act of India, 1949 can be broadly classified into two major categories, non-scheduled banks and scheduled banks. Scheduled banks comprise  commercial banks and the co-operative banks. In terms of ownership,  commercial banks can be further grouped into nationalized banks, the State  Bank of India and its group banks, regional rural banks and private sector  banks (the old/ new domestic and foreign). These banks have over 67,000  branches spread across the country in every city and villages of all nook and  corners of the land. The first phase of financial reforms resulted in the nationalization of 14 major  banks in 1969 and resulted in a shift from Class banking to Mass banking. This in turn resulted in a significant growth in the geographical coverage of  banks. Every bank had to earmark a minimum percentage of their loan  portfolio to sectors identified as â€Å"priority sectors†. The manufacturing sector  also grew during the 1970s in protected environs and the banking sector was  a critical source. The next wave of reforms saw the nationalization of 6 more  commercial banks in 1980. Since then the number of scheduled commercial  banks increased four-fold and the foreign banks (numbering42), regional rural  banks and other scheduled commercial banks accounted for 5.7 percent, 3.9  percent and 12.2 percent respectively in deposits and 8.41 percent, 3.14  percent and number of bank branches increased eight-fold. And that was not  the limit of growth. After the second phase of financial sector reforms and liberalization of the  sector in the early nineties, the Public Sector Banks (PSB) s found it  extremely difficult to compete with the new private sector banks and the  foreign banks. The new private sector banks first made their appearance after  the guidelines permitting them were issued in January 1993. Eight new  private sector banks are presently in operation. These banks due to their late  start have access to state-of-the-art technology, which in turn helps them to  save on manpower costs. During the year 2000, the State Bank Of India (SBI) and its 7 associates  accounted for a 25 percent share in deposits and 28.1 percent share in credit. The 20 nationalized banks accounted for 53.2 percent of the deposits and 47.5  percent of credit during the same period. Current Scenario: The industry is currently in a transition phase. On the one hand, the PSBs,  which are the mainstay of the Indian Banking system are in the process of  shedding their flab in terms of excessive manpower, excessive non  Performing Assets (Npas) and excessive governmental equity, while on the  other hand the private sector banks are consolidating themselves through  mergers and acquisitions.   PSBs, which currently account for more than 78 percent of total banking  industry assets are saddled with NPAs (a mind-boggling Rs 830 billion in  2000), falling revenues from traditional sources, lack of modern technology  and a massive workforce while the new private sector banks are forging  ahead and rewriting the traditional banking business model by way of their  sheer innovation and service. The PSBs are of course currently working out  challenging strategies even as 20 percent of their massive employee strength  has dwindled in the wake of the successful Voluntary Retirement Schemes  (VRS) schemes. The private players however cannot match the PSBs great reach, great size  and access to low cost deposits. Therefore one of the means for them to  combat the PSBs has been through the merger and acquisition (M A) route. Over the last two years, the industry has witnessed several such instances. For instance, HDFC Banks merger with Times Bank Icici Banks acquisition  of ITC Classic, Anagram Finance and Bank of Madurai. Centurion Bank,  Indusind Bank, Bank of Punjab, Vysya Bank are said to be on the lookout. The  UTI bank- Global Trust Bank merger however opened a pandoras box and  brought about the realization that all was not well in the functioning of many  of the private sector banks. Private sector Banks have pioneered internet banking, phone banking,  anywhere banking, mobile banking, debit cards, Automatic Teller Machines  (ATMs) and combined various other services and integrated them into the  mainstream banking arena, while the PSBs are still grappling with disgruntled  employees in the aftermath of successful VRS schemes. Also, following  Indias commitment to the W To agreement in respect of the services sector,  foreign banks, including both new and the existing ones, have been permitted  to open up to 12 branches a year with effect from 1998-99 as against the  earlier stipulation of 8 branches. Tasks of government diluting their equity from 51 percent to 33 percent in  November 2000 has also opened up a new opportunity for the takeover of  even the PSBs. The FDI rules being more rationalized in Q1FY02 may also  pave the way for foreign banks taking the M A route to acquire willing Indian  partners. Meanwhile the economic and corporate sector slowdown has led to an  increasing number of banks focusing on the retail segment. Many of them are  also entering the new vistas of Insurance. Banks with their phenomenal reach  and a regular interface with the retail investor are the best placed to enter into  the insurance sector. Banks in India have been allowed to provide fee-based  insurance services without risk participation, invest in an insurance company  for providing infrastructure and services support and set up of a separate  joint- venture insurance company with risk participation. Aggregate Performance of the Banking Industry Aggregate deposits of scheduled commercial banks increased at a  compounded annual average growth rate (Cagr) of 17.8 percent during 1969-99, while bank credit expanded at a Cagr of 16.3 percent per annum. Banks  investments in government and other approved securities recorded a Cagr of  18.8 percent per annum during the same period. In FY01 the economic slowdown resulted in a Gross Domestic Product (GDP)  growth of only 6.0 percent as against the previous years 6.4 percent. The WPI  Index (a measure of inflation) increased by 7.1 percent as against 3.3 percent  in FY00. Similarly, money supply (M3) grew by around 16.2 percent as against 14.6  percent a year ago. The growth in aggregate deposits of the scheduled commercial banks at 15.4  percent in FY01 percent was lower than that of 19.3 percent in the previous  year, while the growth in credit by SCBs slowed down to 15.6 percent in FY01  against 23 percent a year ago. The industrial slowdown also affected the earnings of listed banks. The net  profits of 20 listed banks dropped by 34.43 percent in the quarter ended  March 2001. Net profits grew by 40.75 percent in the first quarter of 2000-2001, but dropped to 4.56 percent in the fourth quarter of 20002001. On the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) front while most banks managed to  fulfill the norms, it was a feat achieved with its own share of difficulties. The  CAR, which at present is 9.0 percent, is likely to be hiked to 12.0 percent by  the year 2004 based on the Basle Committee recommendations. Any bank  that wishes to grow its assets needs to also shore up its capital at the same  time so that its capital as a percentage of the risk-weighted assets is  maintained at the stipulated rate. While the IPO route was a much-fancied one  in the early ‘90s, the current scenario doesnt look too attractive for bank  majors. Consequently, banks have been forced to explore other avenues to shore up  their capital base. While some are wooing foreign partners to add to the  capital others are employing the M A route. Many are also going in for right  issues at prices considerably lower than the market prices to woo the  investors. Interest Rate Scene The two years, post the East Asian crises in 1997-98 saw a climb in the global  interest rates. It was only in the later half of FY01 that the US Fed cut interest  rates. India has however remained more or less insulated. The past 2 years in  our country was characterized by a mounting intention of the Reserve Bank  Of India (RBI) to steadily reduce interest rates resulting in a narrowing  differential between global and domestic rates. The RBI has been affecting bank rate and CRR cuts at regular intervals to  improve liquidity and reduce rates. The only exception was in July 2000 when  the RBI increased the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) to stem the fall in the rupee  against the dollar. The steady fall in the interest rates resulted in squeezed  margins for the banks in general. Governmental Policy: After the first phase and second phase of financial reforms, in the 1980s  commercial banks began to function in a highly regulated environment, with  administered interest rate structure, quantitative restrictions on credit flows,  high reserve requirements and reservation of a significant proportion of  lendable resources for the priority and the government sectors. The  restrictive regulatory norms led to the credit rationing for the private sector  and the interest rate controls led to the unproductive use of credit and low  levels of investment and growth. The resultant ‘financial repression led to  decline in productivity and efficiency and erosion of profitability of the  banking sector in general. This was when the need to develop a sound commercial banking system was  felt. This was worked out mainly with the help of the recommendations of the  Committee on the Financial System (Chairman: Shri M. Narasimham), 1991. The resultant financial sector reforms called for interest rate flexibility for  banks, reduction in reserve requirements, and a number of structural  measures. Interest rates have thus been steadily deregulated in the past few  years with banks being free to fix their Prime Lending Rates(PLRs) and  deposit rates for most banking products. Credit market reforms included  introduction of new instruments of credit, changes in the credit delivery  system and integration of functional roles of diverse players, such as, banks,  financial institutions and non-banking financial companies (Nbfcs). Domestic Private Sector Banks were allowed to be set up, PSBs were allowed  to access the markets to shore up their Cars. Implications Of Some Recent Policy Measures: The allowing of PSBs to shed manpower and dilution of equity are moves that  will lend greater autonomy to the industry. In order to lend more depth to the  capital markets the RBI had in November 2000 also changed the capital  market exposure norms from 5 percent of banks incremental deposits of the  previous year to 5 percent of the banks total domestic credit in the previous  year. But this move did not have the desired effect, as in, while most banks  kept away almost completely from the capital markets, a few private sector  banks went overboard and exceeded limits and indulged in dubious stock  market deals. The chances of seeing banks making a comeback to the stock  markets are therefore quite unlikely in the near future. The move to increase  Foreign Direct Investment FDI limits to 49 percent from 20 percent during the  first quarter of this fiscal came as a welcome announcement to foreign  players wanting to get a foot hold in the Indian Markets by in vesting in willing  Indian partners who are starved of net worth to meet CAR norms. Ceiling for  FII investment in companies was also increased from 24.0 percent to 49.0  percent and have been included within the ambit of FDI investment. IDBI bank: all about The economic development of any country depends on the extent to which its  financial system efficiently and effectively mobilizes and allocates resources. There are a number of banks and financial institutions that perform this  function; one of them is the development bank. Development banks are  unique financial institutions that perform the special task of fostering the  development of a nation, generally not undertaken by other banks. Development banks are financial agencies that provide medium-and long-term financial assistance and act as catalytic agents in promoting balanced  development of the country. They are engaged in promotion and development  of industry, agriculture, and other key sectors. They also provide  development services that can aid in the accelerated growth of an economy. The objectives of development banks are: To serve as an agent of development in various sectors, viz. industry,  agriculture, and international trade To accelerate the growth of the economy To allocate resources to high priority areas To foster rapid industrialization, particularly in the private sector,  so as to provide employment opportunities as well as higher production   To develop entrepreneurial skills To promote the development of rural areas To finance housing, small scale industries, infrastructure, and social  utilities. 2.2 Introduction to the Bank IDBI the tenth largest development bank in the world has promoted world class institutions in India. A few of such institution built by IDBI are the National Stock Holding Corp. (NSE), the National Securities Depository Services Ltd.( NSDL ) Stock Holding Corp. of India (SHICL) etc. IDBI is a strategic investor in a plethora of institutions, which have revolutionized the Indian Financial Markets. IDBI promoted IDBI BANK to mark the formal foray of the Idbi group into commercial Banking. Idbi Bank, which began with an equity capital base of Rs. 1000 million (Rs.800 million contribute by IDBI and Rs. 200 millions by SIDBI), commenced its first branch at Indore in November 1995. The birth of Idbi bank took place after RBI issued guidelines for entry of new private sector banks in January 93. Subsequently, IDBI as promoters sought permission to establish a commercial bank and retained KPMG a management consultant of international repute to prepare the principle approval to establish Idbi bank on February 11th 1994 thereafter the bank was incorporated at Gwalior under companies act on 15th September 1994 with its registered office at Indore. The Certificate of Commencement of Business was received on 2nd December 1994. Banks registered office is in Indore and Head Office in Mumbai. One of the reason for the growth of Indian banks like ICICI and IDBI is that they have been allowed freedom to open any no. of branches in a particular city or suburb. They have also been given the freedom to open ATMs unlike in both cases the foreign banks who have been restricted in both of these areas. 2.3 Management Organisation IDBI Bank is a Board-managed organisation. The responsibility for the day-to-day  management of operations of the Bank is vested with the Chairman Managing  Director and two Deputy Managing Directors, who draw upon the support and  expertise of a cross- disciplinary Top Management Team. As on March 31, 2008, IDBI  Bank had a combined employee base of 8989, including professionals from the fields  of accountancy, management, engineering, law, computer technology, banking and  economics. Mr. Yogesh Agarwal, Chairman Managing Director Mr. Jitender Balakrishnan, Mr. O.V. Bundellu, (Deputy Managing Director) (Deputy Managing Director) OTHER BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2.4 IDBI Bank business chart 2.5 IDBI bank organizational chart 2.6 Products Services Free services Following services are provided to every type of A/C holder in general- ATMs : Besides cash withdrawals, some of the important things that you can do through the International Debit cum ATM card are : Balance Enquiry Statement Request Cheque-book Request Mini statements Cheque and Cash Deposits International usage Make purchases at 51,000 merchant establishments in India and over 10 million worldwide. Fabulous discounts and great deals at various establishments Internet Banking: Internet Banking gives you the power to access your bank account from your Personal Computer. Some of the important features of Internet Banking are : Account Balance Inquiry Transaction tracking and history Cheque status inquiry Funds transfer facilities to Own-account or third-parties Cheque book Requests Stop payment Requests FD renewal Requests Phone Banking: Just pick up your phone and access your account. The following features are available through Phone Banking : Available round the clock 24*7*365 Current Balance Inquiry Last 5 transactions inquiry Statement by fax fax-back, fax to another number, fax to registerednumber, Statement by mail Cheque status enquiry Cheque book request Balance as of a particular date Mobile Banking: The unique feature is that this facility is available across all mobile service providers. Balance enquiry Details of Last three transactions Cheque payment status Cheque book request Statement request Other services Sunday Banking Some of our branches are also open on Sundays that gives you an opportunity to complete all your banking requirements at your convenience. Locker Our branches provide lockers facility at nominal charges Who can open Account? Resident Individuals, Minors, Hindu Undivided Family (HUF), Trusts, Associations, Clubs, Societies, Foreign National residing in India can open a/c. Documents required for Account Opening: Account opening form Latest passport size photograph Self cheque or cash deposit Copy of passport In the absence of passport copy, copy of one document each from List A and List B is required: List A Voters ID card * Defense services Id/ Government ID Driving License * PAN card Photo credit card List B Latest bank account/credit card statement Latest electricity/telephone/mobile phone bill Latest copy of LIC policy or insurance premium receipt Latest copy of NSC Letter from employer certifying current mailing address Latest house lease agreement SuperSavings Account An assortment of benefits, earnings and convenience. Be it happiness in life or more time for yourself, you have always desired more  of it. So why settle for less with your savings account? The SuperSavings Account is a complete financial package that provides you  with easy access to your money and complete banking convenience too. It  offers you a whole range of options for optimal management of your money. Which means, with SuperSavings Account you not only save your money but  also make it grow. So apart from the basic benefits of a savings account, we offer you options for  faster transfer of funds, options to pay your bills or tax online and options to  grow money at attractive interest rates in the savings account. All these  features are offered for a minimum balance of Rs 5,000. Please click on the  links given below to find out more about each of these features. The SuperSavings Account is a complete financial package that provides you  with easy access to your money and complete banking convenience too. It  offers you a whole range of options for optimal management of your money. Which means, with SuperSavings Account you not only save your money but  also make it grow. Roaming Current Account A Current account for every business No two businesses are the same, which is why IDBI Bank offersfive Roaming Current Accounts Gold to suit your business needs. Based on the balance you choose to maintain in the account,  you can then choose your specific Roaming Current Account accordingly. IDBI Bank Current Accounts not only gives you the flexibility of banking  anytime, anywhere, but also allows you to save more money while doing  business across the country. Roaming Current Account from IDBI Bank comes packed with a host of  services and facilities that makes your banking convenient and hassle-free. With services such as multi-city and multi-branch banking, electronic funds   transfers, national clearing in selected cities, 247 cash withdrawals from  ATMs, Internet Banking, Phone Banking and SMS Banking, you are assured  of faster remittances and collection of funds at competitive rates. Whats  more, extended IDBI Banking hours and Sunday Banking, all this to simplify  banking for you! Features:- Make payments to your vendors in different cities without any costs. Receive payments form your customers without any charge deducted from the  amount Do all your banking right from where you are or wherever you travel Most importantly, maintain better relations with your vendors and customers. All this, only with the IDBI Bank RoamingCurrent Account. You can open a Current Account (Basic RoamingCurrent Account)with only  Rs 10,000. Keep in mind, you will have to maintain an average quarterly  balance of Rs 10,000. But this is nothing compared to a host of services and  facilities that will make your current account work more effectively and  efficiently. Open Current Accounts Following can open current A/c: Sole Proprietorship Firm Partnership firm Private and Public Limited Companies Hindu Undivided Family Trusts Societies, Clubs Associations Documents required for account opening: Sole Proprietorship Account opening form Signed declaration in the Account Opening form Passport Copy or Self-cheque along with a copy of (any one) >> Voter ID card >> Defence Id/Govt ID >> Driving License >> PAN card >> Photo credit card In addition the following forms are required Proof of existence of sole proprietorship firm (any one) >> Electricity/Telephone bill for the sole proprietorship firm >> Shop and Establishment certificate >> Proof of PAN /GIR No or Form 60 (only for cash deposits) >> Latest passport sized photograph of the sole proprietor If the address mentioned in any of the above documents is different from that stated in the account opening form, kindly submit any one of the following to confirm the present address >> Ration card >> gas connection receipt >> latest telephone bill >> latest electricity bill Partnership firm Account opening form Signed declaration in the Account Opening form Passport copies of all partners or Self-cheque along with a copy of (any one) >> Voter ID card >> Defence Id/Govt ID >> Driving License >> PAN card >> Photo credit card In addition the following forms are required Proof of existence of partnership firm (any one) >> Shop and Establishment certificate >> Copy of registration certificate >> Copy of partnership deed >> Letter of consent signed by all partners (as per banks format) Private Limited and Public Limited Companies Account opening form Copy of certificate of incorporation Names and latest passport sized photographs of the authorized signatories Certified true copy of memorandum and articles of association Certified true copy of commencement of business PAN /GIR No details or Form 60 Names, addresses of directors of the companies Certified true copy of board resolution Hindu Undivided Family Account opening form Signed declaration by Karta and Co-parcenors in the Account opening Form Names and signatures addresses of Karta and co-parcenors Names, signatures and latest passport sized photographs of authorized signatories PAN /GIR No details or Form 60 Trusts Account opening form Copy of Trust Deed Copy of the resolution of the Trustees Copy of registration certificate Names and latest passport size photographs of the authorized signatories Names, addresses of the trustees Clubs/Societies and Associations Names and signatures and latest passport sized photographs of authorized signatories Copy of rules and by-laws Copy of the resolution of members for account operation Copy of registration certificate Account Opening Form Idbi banks Business Special Current account gives a host of free services and facilities that ensure optimal utilization of funds, higher liquidity and cost savings. At he same time you dont have to keep a higher minimum balance. You need to keep an Average quarterly balance of Rs. 50,000 only to avail the free services Business Premium Bronze (Rs. 1 lac-AQB) Type of Accounts: Bronze Average Quarterly Balance (AQB):1lac Free funds transfers (per month) Cheque payable locally (in over 65 idbi bank locations) :1.5 cr Demand Draft per day (on over 65 idbi bank locations) :10 lack Demand Draft (on over 300 non-idbi bank locations) :chargeable Electronic Funds Transfers :1.5 cr Pay Orders : un limited Free cheque collection (per month) Outstation cheque collection (on idbi bank locations) :50 lac Daily cheque pick-up from your establishment* :Yes Free Inter-branch banking Any branch cash withdrawal (per day) : 1lac Any branch cash deposit (per day) : Rs 20,000 Total limit for Free transactions (per day) : 6.86 cr Cost saving to the customer per year : 16 lac Also available Basic Current Account (AQB of Rs 10,000). you get monthly statement of account, certificate of balance, seep-in from FD and Net, Phone and Mobile banking facilities all FREE Business Premium Silver (Rs. 3 lacks -AQB) Types of Accounts: Silver Ø Average Quarterly Balance (AQB):3lac